Niobrara formation

The Niobrara Formation is a significant source of dissolved solids and Se and a moderate source of U along the studied reach of the Arkansas River. During both the irrigation and non-irrigation seasons, concentrations of these constituents were substantially greater in Niobrara-influenced surface-water inflows. Although groundwater was not ...

Cretoxyrhina (/ k r ɪ ˌ t ɒ k s i ˈ r h aɪ n ə /; meaning 'Cretaceous sharp-nose') is an extinct genus of large mackerel shark that lived about 107 to 73 million years ago during the late Albian to late Campanian of the Late Cretaceous.The type species, C. mantelli, is more commonly referred to as the Ginsu shark, first popularized in reference to the Ginsu …The productive Niobrara Formation in the basin contains calcareous shale, shaley limestone, and marls as reservoir rocks. According the USGS, reservoir zones in the Niobrara range from 50 to 200 feet in thickness, however, there have been wells drilled in the basin where the zones were near 400 feet.Inoceramids are an extinct group of bivalves (clams) that grew to enormous sizes (several feet across) during the Cretaceous. They were well-adapted to many different marine environments from shallow to deep waters. In Nebraska, they are very common in the Greenhorn Limestone and the Niobrara Formation.Dakota Formation of the San Juan basin, which produces gas from very low-permeability sand­ stones of Cretaceous age. The "J" sandstone in the Wattenberg area is similar to the Lower Cre­ taceous Dakota Sandstone reservoir of the San Juan basin (Table 1). Supporting data were provided by an earlier discovery at Roundup field , in T2N R60W,The Cretaceous Niobrara Formation is a prolific organic-rich hydrocarbon reservoir throughout the greater U.S. Rocky Mountain region. Resistivity mapping is a common tool used for maturity mapping of the Niobrara because a good correlation exists between increased resistivity and increased thermal maturity. Niobrara resistivity is low in thermally immature areas on basin margins. Resistivity ...The Pierre Shale is underlain by the calcareous Niobrara Formation and overlain by the Fox Hills Sandstone. Both contacts are conformable and transitional. The base of the Pierre is at the top of a persistent orange-weathering chalk bed that forms a hogback at the top of the Smoky Hill Shale Member of the Niobrara Formation.

Bill format in Excel is widely used by businesses to create professional and organized invoices. With the right template, you can easily customize and generate bills that suit your specific needs.The Niobrara Formation (latest Turonian to earliest Campanian in age) in Manitoba is up to 73 m thick and consists of a lower calcareous shale succession overlain by chalky shale. A local to regional unconformity exists between the Niobrara and the overlying Pierre Formation; the break is less pronounced to the west (North and Caldwell, 1975 ...During the irrigation season, median dissolved solids, Se, and U concentrations in Niobrara-influenced inflows were 83%, 646%, and 55%, respectively, greater than medians where Niobrara Formation ...The Niobrara Formation (often called the Niobrara Chalk) was deposited during the Late Cretaceous about 80-88 million years ago. This unit is a chalk because it consists mostly of ancient marine plankton. Other marine fossils, including shells and fish bones also have been found in the Niobrara Formation. Similar to the Greenhorn Limestone, the ...May 11, 2021 · In the Pierre Shale Sandstones play, oil and gas is produced from the Sussex and Shannon sandstones. These reservoirs reach 4,500’ to 5000’ in depth and range from 3’- 50’ in thickness. and include seven accumulations. Shale and shallow chalk reservoirs of the Upper Cretaceous Niobrara formation house dry non-associated gas. operation of the Niobrara Formation. B. Provide that the Commission’s pooling order is made effective as of the earlier of the date of this Application, or the date that any of the costs specified in § 34-60-116(7)(b), C.R.S. are first incurred for the drilling of the Wells in the Niobrara Formation on the Application Lands.Effects of climate, tectonics, and sea-level changes on rhythmic bedding patterns in the Niobrara Formation (Upper Cretaceous), U.S. Western Interior Geology. Regional isotopic variations in the Fort Hays Member of the Niobrara Formation, United States Western Interior: Primary signals and diagenetic overprinting in a Cretaceous pelagic ...

Oct 19, 2023 · The portion that lies within the Denver-Julesburg (DJ) Basin is a combination shale/marl/chalk/sandstone formation that lies at depths 5,500′-8,500′, and is comprised of three separate zones ... Here wide Q-range total neutron scattering was used to evaluate perdeuterated methane (CD 4) behavior at reservoir pressures (200–750 bar) and temperature (60 °C) in a sample at the late oil/wet gas thermal maturity stage from the Late Cretaceous Niobrara Formation, an active petroleum producing formation within the Denver-Julesburg Basin, U.S.The Niobrara Formation was deposited during the latter transgression from the Late Turonian to the Early Campanian (Scott and Cobban, 1964, Locklair et al., 2011) and is formally divided into two members: the basal Fort Hays Limestone and the overlying Smoky Hill Chalk (Fig. 1).The burial history of this fractured Niobrara Limestone reservoir and source rock offers a setting for studying the stabilization of thermal maturity because soon after peak temperature of approximately 100{degree}C was reached, exhumation lowered temperature to about 60-70{degree}C. Vitrinite reflectance (Rm = 0.6-0.7%) and published clay mineralogy data from the Niobrara Limestone indicate ...Niobrara Formation (Late Cretaceous) at surface, covers 2 % of this area. ... Cloverly Formation (Northeast Wyoming - Hartville Uplift) - Rusty to light-gray sandstone containing lenticular chert-pebble conglomerate interbedded with variegated bentonitic claystone. Morrison Formation (North and South Wyoming) - Dully variegated claystone ...

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The Upper Cretaceous Niobrara Formation in the Denver-Julesburg (D-J) Basin, United States, records late Turonian-early Campanian transgressive-regressive cycles that governed the rhythmic character of pelagic and detrital sedimentation along the former carbonate ramp of the Western Interior seaway (WIS).USGS Publications WarehouseThe Niobrara Shale formation is an oil and natural gas play spanning northeastern Colorado and portions of Kansas, Nebraska, and Wyoming. The shale in the formation ranges from 900 feet to 1,800 feet thick. The Niobrara region was formed approximately 145.5 million years to 65.5 million years ago by an inland sea that deposited layers of shale ...Jan 15, 2021 · Correlating the formation in the Raton Basin with the Niobara near Pueblo, Colorado, the authors found very similar faunal sequences but significant lithologic differences. Additionally, the authors collected and analyzed samples from eight localities as part of an evaluation on oil and gas resources in the Raton Basin. The Niobrara formation is a very porous, poorly consolidated micrite. Its high porosity and fracture permeability contributes to its fairly low rock embedment strength and its tendency toward fluid imbibition. A moderately high clay content is also evident (Table 1).The Niobrara Formation, commonly referred to as the Niobrara Shale, but also known as the Niobrara Chalk, was deposited in the Western Interior Seaway in the middle of North America during late Cretaceous Age. ( 145.5 - 65.5 million years ago) This inland sea divided the continent of North America during much of the Cretaceous.

The Niobrara Formation of north-east Colorado, USA, has anomalously negative δ 18 O values compared to all other Cretaceous chalks. These unique δ 18 O values have been attributed to elevated heat flow and/or freshening of the Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway. This work utilises clumped isotopes of calcite (Δ 47), peak burial temperatures estimated from pyrolysis data, and strontium and ...Figure 2.2: Stratigraphic Chart of the Niobrara Formation, underlying Carlile Formation, and overlying Pierre Shale coupled with a sea level curve depicting the transgressions and regressions responsible for the alternating nature ofThe upper member of the Niobrara formation, the Smoky Hill chalk, is the oldest formation that crops out in Wallace County. Less than 100 feet of the uppermost beds of this member, which is about 750 feet thick, is exposed. The exposures are confined to the valley of Smoky Hill river, south and southeast of Fort Wallace (Pls. III, IV and XXXVI ...Corrected on September 17, 2014: Earlier version incorrectly referenced well completion in the Ft. Hays member of the Niobrara The Niobrara formation, deposited between 87 and 82 million years ago during the Late Cretaceous is composed of two structural units, the Smoky Hill Chalk Member and the Fort Hays Limestone Member which is overlain by the Smoky Hill Chalk Member. To date, the main focus ofTununk Member of the Mancos Shale below the capping Ferron Sandstone Member. West side of the San Rafael Swell, Emery County, Utah. The Mancos Shale or Mancos Group is a Late Cretaceous (Upper Cretaceous) geologic formation of the Western United States . The Mancos Shale was first described by Cross and Purington in 1899 [1] and was named for ...The formation also is easily identified on electric logs. Thickness--Thickness of the Niobrara Formation in Kansas ranges from 0 to 750 feet (Fig. 19). Figure 19--Isopachus map of Niobrara Formation in Kansas. Contour interval 50 feet. A larger version of this figure is available.The goal of this field-based research project is to establish a tight oil field laboratory in the Powder River Basin (PRB). The field laboratory will be used to characterize and overcome the technical challenges of developing two large, emerging unconventional/shale oil formations, the Mowry Shale, and the Belle Fourche Shale, with the challenging tight sands of the Frontier and Niobrara ...Formation, Pierre Shale, Niobrara Formation, and Eagle Ford Formation. the most common production technology h as been surface mining, followed b y p rocessing in . above-ground retorts.The Niobrara Formation has been drilled in the liquids window along the western and northern margins of the Piceance Basin from 2014 to 2018, with longer lateral lengths and higher proppant ...

Summary The organic-rich marls within the Niobrara Formation act as source rocks while the chalks act as reservoirs. The hydrocarbon potential of a source rock is highly dependent on its organic content and maturity. Different empirical relationships were developed to estimate TOC from logs. This study will look into and compare the different methods of quantifying TOC from logs and how they ...

The vast majority of rare earth element (REE) deposits are known to form at high temperatures in association with carbonatitic and peralkaline magmatism (e.g., Migdisov et al., 2016).However, lesser-known hydrothermal deposits of heavy REE (HREE)–enriched xenotime (YPO 4) also occur within sedimentary basins (e.g., Rabiei et …The Niobrara Formation was deposited in the Western Interior Seaway (WIS), which filled an active foreland basin during the Upper Cretaceous. The WIS experienced important oceanographic variations ...The Cretaceous Niobrara Formation is one of the latest unconventional exploration targets in North America. In this paper, an overall Type-II marine organofacies with some variability is present within a core which consists of alternating marls and chalks, covering a maturity range of 0.8–1.0 %Rc (calculated vitrinite reflectance).It is clear that the remarkably pronounced approximately 1.2-Myr rhythm in the primary stratigraphy of the Niobrara Formation is a consequence of the reinforcement of a 1.2-Myr obliquity forcing ...Mar 17, 2014 · The Niobrara formation, consisting of a series of chalky beds, crops out only in the extreme northwest corner of Russell County, where a maximum thickness of about 100 feet remains uneroded. The lower part consists of massive beds of chalk containing few impurities, white and rather soft above and tan and harder below; the upper part consists ... Year defined. 1896 [1] The Smoky Hill Chalk Member of the Niobrara Chalk formation is a Cretaceous conservation Lagerstätte, or fossil rich geological formation, known primarily for its exceptionally well-preserved marine reptiles. [2] Named for the Smoky Hill River, [1] the Smoky Hill Chalk Member is the uppermost of the two structural units ...Oct 6, 2008 · The Fort Hays limestone is the lower member of the Niobrara formation (Moore, Frye, and Jewett, 1944, p. 152) of Cretaceous age. The Fort Hays member is recognized in the field primarily by its thick massive beds and small amount of shale. Chalky shale is the major constituent of the overlying Smoky Hill chalk. Niobrara Region +44 -40 +4 Indicated change in oil production (Nov vs. Oct) 0 40 80 120 160 200 Oct 5,159 MMcf/d Production from new wells Legacy production change Net change Nov 5,173 MMcf/d Indicated change in natural gas production (Nov vs. Oct) million cubic feet/day Niobrara Region +125 -111 +14 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0 300 600 900 1,200 ...SandRidge operates on 93,000 acres in the Niobrara formation in Jackson County in northern Colorado, according to its website. More than 80% of the minerals produced is oil.Campanian Niobrara Formation are co nsidered . large, (Everhart, 2005) the largest gladi us is only . about 1.5 meters. It is interesting to note, however, that l a t e r s p e c i m e n s f r o m ...

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operation of the Niobrara Formation. B. Provide that the Commission's pooling order is made effective as of the earlier of the date of this Application, or the date that any of the costs specified in § 34-60-116(7)(b), C.R.S. are first incurred for the drilling of the Wells in the Niobrara Formation on the Application Lands.Raw materials are mined from the Niobrara Formation and Pierre Shale and made into cement at the Cemex plant near Lyons, Colorado. Sand and gravel for construction are a major mineral resource in the Denver Basin. The Lyons Formation provides flagstone from quarries in Boulder and Larimer counties, along the western edge of the basin. GoldValentine Formation —the most resistant rock exposed in the middle Niobrara River Valley. The rapids span the river's channel at a light constriction and they are approximately 120 ft or 37 mThe upper member of the Niobrara formation, the Smoky Hill chalk, is the oldest formation that crops out in Wallace County. Less than 100 feet of the uppermost beds of this member, which is about 750 feet thick, is exposed. The exposures are confined to the valley of Smoky Hill river, south and southeast of Fort Wallace (Pls. III, IV and XXXVI ...Oil and Gas Assessment Unit (AU), and the area where depth to Niobrara Formation is more than 8,000 feet..... 43 36. Map of the Powder River Basin Province showing Niobrara Formation . potential sweet spots derived from published lineament and lineamentThe coiled tubing (CT) rig designed, built and operated by Advanced Drilling Technologies (ADT), was documented in its performance by GTI staff in the course of drilling wells ranging in depth from 500 to nearly 3,000 feet. Access to well sites in the Niobrara for documenting CT rig performance was provided by Rosewood Resources of Arlington, VA.At Pueblo, the unnamed transition member of the lower Pierre Shale contains a bentonite seam, which in Kansas lies within chalk of the Smoky Hill, well below the Niobrara-Pierre contact. Furthermore, beds equivalent to the uppermost Niobrara at Pueblo (upper chalk unit of Scott and Cobban, 1964) lie 12.8 m (42 ft) below the Niobrara-Pierre ...The Cretaceous Niobrara Formation is a prolific organic-rich hydrocarbon reservoir throughout the greater U.S. Rocky Mountain region. Resistivity mapping is a common tool used for maturity mapping of the Niobrara because a good correlation exists between increased resistivity and increased thermal maturity. Niobrara resistivity is low in thermally immature areas on basin margins. Resistivity ... ….

In northwestern Ellis County, Bass (1926) mapped a total of 76 small faults in the Niobrara Formation (Cretaceous), which were assumed to be the surface expression of subsurface solution and subsequent slumping of overlying beds (Pl. 27A). The faults, commonly marked by veins of slickensided calcite as much as 6 inches thick, may be traced for ...Applying Machine Learning Technologies in the Niobrara Formation, DJ Basin, to Quickly Produce an Integrated Structural and Stratigraphic Seismic Classification Volume Calibrated to Wells June ...Niobrara Formation, and Mancos Shale were deposited under marine or marginal- marine conditions and do not contain coal in this area. ... the Lance Formation in this area but the thickness of the formation is thought to be about 1,050-1,500 ft and it is known to be composed of interbedded sandstone, sandy shale, shale, and thin coal. ...ニオブララ累層（ニオブララるいそう）は、後期白亜紀のコニアシアン、サントニアン、カンパニアンにあたる8700 - 8200万年前に堆積した、北アメリカの地層。 2つの構造ユニットからなり、スモーキーヒルチョーク部層がフォートヘイズ石灰岩部層の上に横たわっている。Oct 19, 2023 · The portion that lies within the Denver-Julesburg (DJ) Basin is a combination shale/marl/chalk/sandstone formation that lies at depths 5,500′-8,500′, and is comprised of three separate zones ... The Pierre shale and Niobrara formation of Cretaceous age underlie the county and are exposed along the major valleys. These rocks are intricately faulted. The Ogallala formation, of Pliocene age, which underlies the upland plain, was deposited on the eroded surface of the Cretaceous rocks. The configuration of this surface perhaps was ...Specimens assigned to Pteranodon have been found in both the Smoky Hill Chalk deposits of the Niobrara Formation, and the slightly younger Sharon Springs deposits of the Pierre Shale Formation. When Pteranodon was alive, this area was covered by a large inland sea, known as the Western Interior Seaway. Famous for fossils collected since 1870 ...The Niobrara Formation /ˌnaɪ.əˈbrærə/, also called the Niobrara Chalk, is a geologic formation in North America that was deposited between 87 and 82 million years ago during the Coniacian, Santonian, and Campanian stages of the Late Cretaceous. It is composed of two structural units, the Smoky … See moreTelegraph Creek Formation. †Warm Creek Shale of Collier and Cathcart (1922, p. 172) and Knechtel (1959, p. 740-741) in north-central Montana abandoned. Rocks reallocated to (ascending) Belle Fourche Shale, Greenhorn Formation, Carlile Shale, Niobrara Formation, and Telegraph Creek Formation.7 sept. 2023 ... The Niobrara Formation lawsuit is a legal dispute over mineral rights, environmental concerns, and landowner issues. Niobrara formation, Niobrara Total Petroleum System in the Southwestern ... - USGS. EN. English Deutsch Français Español Português Italiano Român Nederlands Latina Dansk Svenska Norsk Magyar Bahasa Indonesia Türkçe Suomi Latvian Lithuanian česk ..., Piceance Basin Stands Out In Niobrara Shale. The recent work of WPX Energy Inc. in the Piceance Basin is profiled. By Richard Mason, Hart Energy. Sun, 06/01/2014 - 01:45 PM. The Niobrara Shale is more than a one-trick Denver-Julesburg Basin pony. While current Niobrara headlines extol multiwell pads, extended laterals and rising oil production ..., Fumicollis is known from the marine Smoky Hill Member of the Niobrara Formation (upper Coniacian to lower Campanian ) of Kansas (USA) . A combination of features from the vertebrae, pelvis, femur, tibiotarsus, and tarsometatarsus were used to diagnose the genus . These include an elongate preacetabular pelvis, expanded lateral …, Named as top formation of Lower Cretaceous series, top of Lower Cretaceous. Formerly called "formation No. 3" (Meek and Hayden, 1857). Type not designated. Named for Niobrara River, Knox Co, NE in Salina basin, where formation forms 90-100 ft cliffs near mouth along Missouri River., Niobrara Formation (Upper Cretaceous) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area. White to dark-gray argillaceous chalk, marl, and shale. Weathers yellow to orange. Contains thin, laterally continuous bentonite beds, chalky carbonaceous shale, minor sand, and small concretions. Thickness up to 150 ft (46 m)., The Niobrara formation spans much of underground Wyoming and Colorado. Until recently, it wasn't a viable oil target in southeast Wyoming. One exception was the Silo field north of Cheyenne, where ..., Niobrara Formation (Upper Cretaceous) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area. White to dark-gray argillaceous chalk, marl, and shale. Weathers yellow to orange. Contains thin, laterally continuous bentonite beds, chalky carbonaceous shale, minor sand, and small concretions. Thickness up to 150 ft (46 m)., Niobrara Formation JSON Shapefile White to dark-gray argillaceous chalk, marl, and shale. Weathers yellow to orange. Contains thin, laterally continuous bentonite beds, …, Piceance Basin Stands Out In Niobrara Shale. The recent work of WPX Energy Inc. in the Piceance Basin is profiled. By Richard Mason, Hart Energy. Sun, 06/01/2014 - 01:45 PM. The Niobrara Shale is more than a one-trick Denver-Julesburg Basin pony. While current Niobrara headlines extol multiwell pads, extended laterals and rising oil production ..., operation of the Niobrara Formation. B. Provide that the Commission’s pooling order is made effective as of the earlier of the date of this Application, or the date that any of the costs specified in § 34-60-116(7)(b), C.R.S. are first incurred for the drilling of the Wells in the Niobrara Formation on the Application Lands., concentrations in Niobrara-influenced inflows were 288%, 863%, and 155%, respectively, greater than median concentrations where the Niobrara Formation was absent. Identification, New data on cranial measurements and body length of the mosasaur, Tylosaurus nepaeolicus (Squamata; Mosasauridae), from the Niobrara Formation of western Kansas. Kansas Academy of Science, Transactions 105(1-2):33-43. Everhart, M. J. 2002., 17 mar. 2010 ... The view from this scenic overlook offers spectacular views of the Niobrara Chalk formations that line the southern border of the Lewis and ..., Mar 17, 2014 · The Niobrara formation, consisting of a series of chalky beds, crops out only in the extreme northwest corner of Russell County, where a maximum thickness of about 100 feet remains uneroded. The lower part consists of massive beds of chalk containing few impurities, white and rather soft above and tan and harder below; the upper part consists ... , NIOBRARA LIMESTONE. The Pierre shale is underlain by the Niobrara limestone, but this formation does not reach the surface in the portion of Nebraska west of the one hundred and third meridian. As, however, it would be reached by deep borings for artesian water, some of its characteristics should be pointed out. Its thickness is about 50 feet., The samples from the Niobrara Formation have T max values ranging from 419 to 427 °C with an average of 423 °C. Geochemistry. The generative potential for hydrocarbons is estimated based on total pyrolyzable organic carbon content (TOC), thermal maturity, and kerogen type (Hood et al., 1975). Cuttings are often viewed as potentially ..., USGS Publications Warehouse, The Niobrara Formation was deposited in the Western Interior Seaway (WIS), which filled an active foreland basin during the Upper Cretaceous. The WIS experienced important oceanographic variations ..., This ratio is used as an indicator of how wet or dry a particular rock formation is. We use a GOR of 6,000 cubic feet (cf) of natural gas to 1 barrel (b) of oil (cf/b) for each year's total well ... Anadarko, Bakken, Eagle Ford, Niobrara, and Permian regions. Across these regions, the GOR ratio commonly increases over time, so we reclassify ..., April 30, 2020 Sections of the Upper Cretaceous (Coniacian to Campanian) Niobrara Formation in two cores from Kansas and Colorado, the Amoco Rebecca Bounds and USGS Portland 1, respectively, were examined by hyperspectral core imaging and analysis., The Niobrara Formation, one such organic-rich shale, is a particularly hot target here in Colorado. While a large volume of natural gas (>700 billion cubic feet by one estimate) has already been produced, it is now Niobrara oil that is the focus of everyone's attention. Often mentioned for comparison purposes are the Bakken Formation of North ..., 1. Below the Pierre Formation. There are 13,000 feet of layers below Pierre that were deposited over the course of 470 million years. About 8,000 feet below Pierre are the Bakken and Three Forks formations where oil is located. 2. Pierre Formation and Niobrara Formation. Pierre and Niobrara are the lowest (or earliest) layers exposed in North ..., Vertebrate Biostratigraphy of the Smoky Hill Chalk (Niobrara Formation) and the Sharon Springs Member (Pierre Shale). In: Harries, P.J. (eds) High-Resolution Approaches in …, It is an Upper Cretaceous formation in the Rockies region that consists of a combination of chalk and marl layers, as presented in Fig. 16.1B. The organic-rich marls within the Niobrara Formation act as source rocks, whereas the chalks and clay-rich limestones act as the reservoir formations (ElGhonimy, 2015, Finn and Johnson, 2005). This ..., Hierosaurus (meaning "sacred lizard") is an extinct genus of nodosaurid ankylosaur which lived during the Late Cretaceous 87 to 82 million years ago. Its fossils were found in the Smoky Hill Chalk Member of the Niobrara Formation, in western Kansas, which would have been near the middle of the Western Interior Sea during the Late Cretaceous., The lower shaly member of the Cody Shale in the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming and Montana is Coniacian to Santonian in age and is equivalent to the upper part of the Carlile Shale and basal part of the Niobrara Formation in the Powder River Basin to the east. The lower Cody ranges in thickness from 700 to 1,200 feet and underlies much of the central part of the basin., The Niobrara Formation (often called the Niobrara Chalk) was deposited during the Late Cretaceous about 80-88 million years ago. This unit is a chalk because it consists mostly of ancient marine plankton. Other marine fossils, including shells and fish bones also have been found in the Niobrara Formation. Similar to the Greenhorn Limestone, the ..., Within the Niobrara TPS there are several formations of note - list top to bottom: Mesaverde - Lewis Sandstones (Parkman sandstone part of the Mesaverde formation primarily in West PRB) Sussex-Shannon Sandstones; The Niobrara carbonate formation which is believed to have been the source rock for these first two conventional targets, Sections of the Upper Cretaceous (Coniacian to Campanian) Niobrara Formation in two cores from Kansas and Colorado, the Amoco Rebecca Bounds and USGS Portland 1, respectively, were examined by ..., Silo Field, located in the northern Denver Basin, is an important field for Niobrara oil production. The production is heavily controlled by the presence of open, vertical, natural fractures but the genesis of these features is not understood. A 3-D seismic survey, covering approximately 30 square miles in the heart of Silo Field was interpreted to determine the nature of the fractures. It ..., Calibrated petrophysical model for elevated organic matter intervals and mineralogical variability in the Agrio Formation, Neuquén Basin, Argentina. Raul I. Ochoa, Lauren P. Birgenheier, Ernesto Schwarz, Jesús M. Salazar. Article 105913., Geology Site 2 - At this road cut, the Cretaceous Niobrara Formation is overlain by the Pembina Member, the lowermost member of the Pierre Shale in the area. These rocks were laid down in oceans that covered most of North Dakota about 84 million years ago. The Niobrara consists of light-gray to yellowish-tan, blocky, calcareous marl. , More than 160 mapped paleontology sites are present within the Niobrara National Scenic River's reach. The Niobrara River is exceptionally rich in documented fossil sites, averaging ten times the number of sites per unit area when compared to the State of Nebraska as a whole. Please leave fossils where they are and contact either a park ranger ...